{"id":4829,"date":"2021-10-19T11:05:30","date_gmt":"2021-10-19T09:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/?p=4829"},"modified":"2025-03-31T12:33:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T10:33:52","slug":"conversion-e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/conversion-e\/","title":{"rendered":"Conversion (e)"},"content":{"rendered":"

CONVERSION<\/span><\/h1>\n

1. Logic<\/span><\/h2>\n

In logic, two propositions are converse<\/em> (in a relation of conversion<\/em>) if they swap their subjects and their predicates. \u201cAs<\/strong> are<\/em> Bs<\/strong>\u201d and \u201cBs<\/strong> are<\/em> As<\/strong>\u201d are converse propositions. The converse of a true proposition is not necessarily true, see Proposition, \u00a73.2<\/a><\/p>\n

2. Grammar and argumentation<\/span><\/h2>\n

In grammar, the conversion transformation can be applied to any binary structures. Restructuring an expression of the opponent, that is, playing with his or her words, can help to reverse the global orientation of his or her discourse, according to the mechanisms of the antimetabole<\/em>, see Orientation Reversal<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Well, you know, this talk about the so-called pleasures of retirement<\/em> is just empty talk to cover up the retirement of pleasures<\/em>.<\/span>
\nPersonally, I’d prefer a frightful\/terrible end<\/em> to this endless fright\/terror<\/em>.<\/span>
\nGonz\u00e1lez, on Kohl \u2018He fought for a <\/em>European Germany, never again a <\/em>German Europe.\u201d <\/em>(El Pa\u00eds<\/em>, 07-01-2017)<\/span><\/p>\n

One can radically counter-argue a proposition by emphatically supporting its converse, S. Causality (II)<\/a>; Analogy<\/a>:<\/p>\n

S1 \u2014\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A<\/strong> is the cause of B<\/strong>; <\/span>A<\/strong> is like B<\/strong>; A<\/strong> mimics, copies B<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

S2 \u2014\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Not at all! B<\/u><\/em><\/strong> is the cause A<\/strong>! <\/span>B<\/u><\/em><\/strong> is like A<\/strong>; B<\/u><\/em><\/strong> copies A<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the same way, a sweeping defense strategy consists in converting the roles of accuser and accused, first by applying the reciprocity principle, \u201cit takes one to know one<\/em>\u201d:<\/p>\n

You blame me (for X<\/strong>), I blame you (for Y<\/strong>)<\/span>
\nYou filed a complaint against me (for X<\/strong>), I file a complaint against you (for Y<\/strong>).<\/span><\/p>\n

and, second, by converting the position about the same<\/em> criminal offense:<\/p>\n

You<\/u><\/em> are the culprit, you<\/em> did it, you<\/u><\/em>, who accuse me!<\/span><\/p>\n

The child’s reply \u201che who says it did it<\/em>\u201d converts the accusation, , and justifies the counter-accusation:<\/p>\n

S1 \u2014\u00a0You<\/u> stole the orange!
\n<\/em>S2 \u2014\u00a0No, <\/em>you<\/u><\/span> stole it, who says it he did it!<\/span> <\/em><\/p>\n

The fact that S1<\/strong> accuses S2<\/strong> is used by S2<\/strong> as an argument to accuse S1<\/strong>. see Reciprocity<\/a>; Stasis<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CONVERSION 1. Logic In logic, two propositions are converse (in a relation of conversion) if they swap their subjects and their predicates. \u201cAs are Bs\u201d and \u201cBs are As\u201d are converse propositions. The converse of a true proposition is not necessarily true, see Proposition, \u00a73.2 2. Grammar and argumentation In grammar, the conversion transformation can […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4829"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13886,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4829\/revisions\/13886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}