{"id":6034,"date":"2021-10-31T10:35:25","date_gmt":"2021-10-31T09:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/?p=6034"},"modified":"2025-09-22T07:50:53","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T05:50:53","slug":"ad-consequentiam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/ad-consequentiam\/","title":{"rendered":"Ad consequentiam"},"content":{"rendered":"

AD BACULUM<\/span> \u25baTHREAT – PROMISE<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n
\n

AD CONSEQUENTIAM Arg.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

The Latin term consequentia <\/em>refers to [1]:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
      \n
    1. What follows, in space or time, with or without a causal link.<\/li>\n
    2. The logical consequence: per consequentias means <\/em>\u201cit follows that\u201d (Gaffiot, Consequentia<\/em>) [2]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      In the first sense, an argument ad consequentiam<\/em> refers to something that happened temporally after a referential even<\/em>t<\/span>, in order to suggest a causal link between the factual consequentia and the referential event.
      \nFor example, a large sum of money was stolen from Paul. The investigator notes that after<\/u><\/em> the date of the robbery, James, a friend of Paul’s, began spending large sums of money, despite no change in his income. The investigator uses an argument based on \u00ab\u00a0what happened after (the theft)\u00a0\u00bb to suspect James of the crime, see circumstances.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      In the second sense, an argument ad consequentiam <\/em>is an argument based on causal or logico-semantic consequences<\/a><\/span><\/em>. With this meaning, the label ad consequentiam<\/em> covers all appeals to consequences, whether positive or negative, based on an effect-to-cause relation:
      \n\u2014 The       pragmatic argument<\/span><\/a> appealing to positive consequences is an ad consequentiam<\/em> argument.
      \n\u2014 In the same way,       appeals to absurdity <\/span><\/a>are a form of refutative appeal to consequences that are considered absurd:
      \na) From a logical point of view they lead to a contradiction.
      \nb) From a psychological or moral point of view they are undesirable.
      \nc) They are contrary to the pragmatic interests and values of the speaker. ;<\/p>\n

      The ad consequentiam<\/em> argument is currently used to hypothesize the existence of a causal link between two existing facts, see causality<\/a>; effect-to-cause<\/a>.<\/p>\n

      The following is an example of a wishful thinking: \u00ab\u00a0God must exist because if he does not, then many people are praying for nothing!<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0. This pathetic argument<\/a> deduces the necessity of something from the fact that its nonexistence would have annoying consequences for some.<\/p>\n

      \n

      [1] Walton (1999) traces\u00a0 the \u201cHistorical Origins of Argument Ad Consequentiam<\/em>\u201d.
      \n[2] \u00ab\u00a0Again, [the Stoics] hold that the universe is governed by divine will; it is a city or state of which both men and gods are members, and each one of us is a part of this universe; from which it is a natural consequence that<\/span> [= ex quo natura consequi ut<\/em>]<\/span> we should prefer the common advantage to our own.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>
      \nCicero, De Finibus<\/em>, Bk 3) https:\/\/penelope.uchicago.edu\/Thayer\/E\/Roman\/Texts\/Cicero\/de_Finibus\/home.html<\/span><\/p>\n

      [2] Wikipedia, Argumentum ad consequentiam<\/em> (in French)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      AD BACULUM \u25baTHREAT – PROMISE AD CONSEQUENTIAM Arg. The Latin term consequentia refers to [1]: What follows, in space or time, with or without a causal link. The logical consequence: per consequentias means \u201cit follows that\u201d (Gaffiot, Consequentia) [2] In the first sense, an argument ad consequentiam refers to something that happened temporally after a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6034"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14685,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6034\/revisions\/14685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icar.cnrs.fr\/dicoplantin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}